Physics

1. The given figure depicts one of the conditions of equilibrium.

Which of the following options identifies the CORRECT name and statement of the condition?

2. All of the following quantities describe the state of a gas EXCEPT

3. The scalar product of two perpendicular vectors is

4. The given diagram shows a phenomena of wave production known as

5. If the temperature of the source of heat decreases while the temperature of the sink remains constant, then the efficiency of a Carnot engine

6. If the scalar product of two unit vectors is one (î · î = 1) then both vectors will be

7. If x is the displacement of a bob of a simple pendulum from the mean position, then kx² /2 will be equal to its

1. total energy
2. kinetic energy
3. potential energy

8. In Doppler’s effect, when a source of sound moves away from a stationary listener then the apparent frequency

9. A wave with a wavelength of 2 m having frequency 0.5 Hz will travel with the velocity of

10. In Young’s double slits experiment, the relation used to find the position of the dark fringes is

(Note: All the symbols have their usual meaning.)

11. If the slope of a velocity-time graph gradually increases, then the body is said to be moving with

12. The rise in thermal pollution in an environment suggests that entropy has

13. Missiles I, II, III and IV are launched at 35°, 45°, 55°and 65°, respectively from the origin.

The shortest distance will be covered by

14. The CORRECT statement in the light of Bernoulli’s theorem is that the

15. The efficiency of a heat engine that operates between temperatures of 1500 K in the fire chamber and 600 K in the exhaust chamber is

16. If the components Aₓ and Aᵧ of vector A are negative and positive respectively, then vector A lies in

17. If the slope of a velocity-time graph gradually increases, then the body is said to be moving with

18. All Carnot engines have zero efficiency if they are operating between two bodies with

19. If two sound waves with frequencies of 128 Hz and 126 Hz are produced simultaneously by two different tunning forks, then the detected beat will have a frequency

20. An application of Doppler’s effect that is used to measure the depth of ocean is

21. The given diagram shows the projectile motion of a ball. The magnitude of the vertical component of velocity (v) will be maximum at point

22. If an artificial satellite slows down its orbital motion, then it will

23. In thermodynamics, a closed system is the one in which mass and energy from the boundaries of a system

24. According to Huygen’s principle, light travels in the form of

1. photons
2. corpuscles
3. wavefronts

25. In marathon race, a runner, while moving, is facing a wind from the opposite direction. The work done by the wind on the runner will be

26. The dimensions of momentum are represented as

27. A body is moved from position X to Y along four different paths as shown in the given figure.\

The work done in moving the object in the gravitational field will

28. If a simple pendulum is taken from the peak of Nanga Parbat Mountain to Karachi, then its time period will

29. An ideal gas undergoes a cyclic process as shown in the given pressure P versus volume V graph.

The gas is at its highest temperature at point(s)

30. The given figure represents a velocity-time graph of a moving car.

The maximum velocity by the car during its journey is

31. In the given diagram, the frequency of waves is

Stretched String Vibration

32. The multiplication product of 20.21 with 20.22 upto four significant figures is

33. A wooden slab is balanced on a circular log of wood at point (O) in the given diagram. Object (P) is placed at point (Z).

Zohan is given the task to throw the object (P) high in the air by

1. jumping at any position (W, X, Y) on the slab
2. moving or not moving the position of log at point (O)

Which of the following options should Zohan pick to complete the task?

34. If a water droplet falls from a height in air, its terminal velocity will be attained when the drag force is

35. The slope of the curve in the given velocity-time graph represents

36. The second equation of motion of a uniformly accelerated ball along a straight line is stated as

S = vit + ½ at²

The dimension of each term of this equation is

37. A freely falling ball bounces back when it hits the ground. At the point where the ball hits the ground, the impulse on the ball as compared to the momentum of the ball will be

38. A turbine in a thermal power plant takes steam from a boiler at 646 K and exhausts into a low temperature reservoir at 546 K.

The efficiency of the turbine is

39. One of the important phenomena of the superposition of sound waves, beats, is an example of

40. Sound waves are good example of

41. Which of the following quantities of sound is affected by the change in air temperature?

42. Consider the basic dimensional formula as Mˣ Lʸ Tᶻ.

Which of the following values of x, y and z will satisfy the physical quantity of torque?

43. A bullet is fired from a short gun to shoot a bag of sand. It hits the bag and goes through it.\

In the given situation, when the bullet hits the bag of sand, the total momentum of the bullet

44. If the volume of a gas is reduced to half of its original volume, then the specific heat of the gas will

45. Water freezing into ice is an example of

46. The non-commutative property of a vector product is

47. Which of the following graphs indicates the variation in kinetic energy of a particle executing simple harmonic motion?

48. The length of a strip is measured by a metre scale as 3.4 cm.

The reading measured on the Vernier callipers for the length of the strip will be

49. Which of the following laws of conservation is used in the propulsion of rockets?

50. A mass ‘m’ is hanging on an inextensible string to make a simple pendulum of time period ‘T’. If the mass becomes ‘3 m’, then the time period of the simple pendulum will be

1. Which of the following shows the dimensions of force and acceleration respectively?

2. The length of a strip is measured by a metre scale as 3.4 cm.

The reading measured on the Vernier callipers for the length of the strip will be

3. Random errors can be reduced by

1. taking zero correction
2. taking mean of several measurements
3. comparing the instrument with a more accurate one

4. The number of significant figures in the sum of 1.21 × 10⁵ and 3.26 × 10³ is

5. The scalar product of two perpendicular vectors is

6. The non-commutative property of a vector product is

7. The cross product of two vectors, force and moment arm, is

8. If the value of moment arm is zero, then the value of torque will be

9. A body is in equilibrium if the net force on it is

10. An elastic collision takes place when an initial body collides with a targeted body of the same mass which is at rest.

In the given situation, the velocity of the initial body after the collision will

11. If a projectile is fired with the velocity of 10 m/s at an angle of 30, then the maximum height attained by the projectile is

(Note: The value of acceleration due to gravity is 9.8 m/s².)

12. The slope of the curve in the given velocity-time graph represents

13. The given diagram shows the projectile motion of a ball. The magnitude of the vertical component of velocity (v) will be maximum at point

14. If a motorcyclist wears a safety helmet during his ride and meets an accident, then the safety helmet will

15. Which of the following options exemplify(ies) negative work done?

1. Work done under a conservative force
2. Work done against the force of friction
3. Work done under the influence of gravity

16. A group of migrating birds are flying in the sky. If they experience wind in the same direction of their motion, then the work done by the wind on birds will be

17. The given diagram depicts a boy lifting a box.

In this situation, the type of workdone and the associated angle will be

18. A body is moved from position X to Y along four different paths as shown in the given figure.\

The work done in moving the object in the gravitational field will

19. A packet of mass (m) is unloaded from a truck by using inclined plane from a height (h) as shown in the given figure.

If friction is negligible, then the kinetic energy on the packet when it reaches the ground will be equal to

20. An elevator lifts a weight of 400 N through a height of 10 m in 20 s. The power of the motor is

21. In an artificial satellite, an object appears to be weightless when its rotational acceleration ‘α’ is equal to

22. If an artificial satellite is orbiting around the Earth at an altitude of 240 km above the Earth’s surface, then the orbital velocity of the satellite will be

(Note: Take the mass of the Earth as 6.0 × 10²⁴ kg, its radius as 6400 km and Gravitational constant as 6.67 × 10⁻¹¹ Nm /kg.)

23. In a rotating space-ship, if the angular displacement is constant, then the linear displacement of an astronaut, when s/ he moves away from the centre of rotation will

24. When an object moves with uniform speed in a circular orbit, its centripetal acceleration will be directed

25. If an artificial satellite slows down its orbital motion, then it will

26. Which of the following effects is observed in a Venturi metre, when liquid flows through the narrow section of the pipe?

27. The object that easily attains the terminal velocity is a

28. The drag force on an object when it is moving in a fluid is ‘F’. If the velocity of the object becomes double, then the value of force will become

29. In a cement factory, a viscous liquid flows through a pipe with an area of cross-section 6 m² at a velocity of 8 m/s.

When this fluid moves forward, the area of cross-section of the pipe decreases to 4 m². The velocity of the liquid will now be

30. A rocket is made to travel at a high speed by making the ejection nozzle narrow.

This phenomenon is based on

31. If a simple pendulum is taken from the peak of Nanga Parbat Mountain to Karachi, then its time period will

32. If the mass of bob attached to a simple pendulum is increased by eight times, then the time period of the pendulum will

33. Which of the following graphs indicates the variation in kinetic energy of a particle executing simple harmonic motion?

34. The given diagram shows an example of an oscillator that is displaced to produce vibrations.

If a force is repeatedly applied on the oscillator, then it will produce

35. In the given diagram, the frequency of waves is

Stretched String Vibration

36. When the source of sound moves away from a stationary listener, there is an apparent

37. The phenomenon of beats is the result of

1. diffraction
2. polarisation
3. interference

38. A cylindrical resonance tube, opened at both ends, has a fundamental frequency ‘f’ in the air as shown in figure I.

As shown in figure II, if half of the length of the resonance tube is dipped vertically into water, then the fundamental frequency in the air will be

39. The speed of sound wave in a medium depends upon

1. mass of the medium
2. density of the medium
3. elasticity of the medium

40. All of the following phenomena are exhibited by longitudinal waves EXCEPT

41. While performing Young’s double slit experiment, the given changes were made.

If the initial fringe spacing was ‘x’, then the fringe spacing after the changes will be

42. In a Newton’s ring setup, the MAIN factor responsible for the formation of the rings is

43. According to Huygen’s principle, light travels in the form of

1. photons
2. corpuscles
3. wavefronts

44. Colours reflected from an oil film on water depend on all of the following factors EXCEPT

45. The rise in thermal pollution in an environment suggests that entropy has

46. If a gas in a container absorbs 200 J of heat and has 150 J of work done on it, then the internal energy of the gas will be

47. Assume that a heat engine attains 100% efficiency.

This assumption is made possible only if the output temperature is

48. A turbine in a thermal power plant takes steam from a boiler at 646 K and exhausts into a low temperature reservoir at 546 K.

The efficiency of the turbine is

49. The direction of heat flow from one object to another is based on the difference in their

50. When an ideal gas is cooled at a constant volume till the pressure reduces to half of the original pressure, the average translational kinetic energy of the gas molecules will

1. A systematic error can be removed by

2. The least count of a metre scale is

3. The option that shows three base quantities’ units in System International (S.I.) is

4. The second equation of motion of a uniformly accelerated ball along a straight line is stated as

S = vit + ½ at²

The dimension of each term of this equation is

5. The given figure satisfies one of the conditions of equilibrium.

Which of the following options identifies the CORRECT name and statement of the condition?

6. The cross product of unit vectors (î × î = ĵ × ĵ = k̂ × k̂) is equal to

7. If the scalar product of two unit vectors is one (î · î = 1) then both vectors will be

8. If the direction of an applied force F is reversed, then

9. If the components Aₓ and Aᵧ of vector A are negative and positive respectively, then vector A lies in

10. When a lighter metallic ball collides with a heavier metallic ball that is at rest position, then after collision the heavier ball will

11. A bullet is fired from a short gun to shoot a bag of sand. It hits the bag and goes through it.\

In the given situation, when the bullet hits the bag of sand, the total momentum of the bullet

12. If the slope of a velocity-time graph gradually increases, then the body is said to be moving with

13. A football kicked by a football player in the air is an example of

14. Two balls are released simultaneously from a point ‘A’ with zero vertical velocity as shown in the given diagram.

These balls followed different paths but reached the ground at the same time due to the

15. Suppose that the mass and radius of the Moon changes to 7.35 × 10²² kg and 1.7 × 10⁶ m respectively. The escape velocity of the Moon will then be

(Note: The value of Gravitational constant is 6.63 × 10⁻¹¹ Nm²/kg².)

16. If a machine does 50 J of work in 10 s, then the power of the machine will be

17. In marathon race, a runner, while moving, is facing a wind from the opposite direction. The work done by the wind on the runner will be

18. Work done by gravitational field is independent of the

19. Which of the following options correctly depicts the examples of kinetic and potential energy?

20. In the given figures, three cases are shown in which a constant force is trying to move an object from (X) to (Y). The work done will be positive in case(s)

21. For the purpose of oceanography and meteorology, Pakistan has launched a Remote Sensing Satellite System (RSSS) at an altitude of 7 × 10⁵ m above the ground station.

At the time of launch, the orbital velocity of the artificial satellite was calculated as

(Note: The value of gravitational constant, mass and radius of Earth are 6.67 x 10⁻¹¹ Nm²/ kg², 5.9 × 10²⁴ kg and 6.3 × 10⁶ m respectively.)

22. Astronauts in an orbiting artificial satellite, riders of a free-falling ride in an amusement park and people inside a free-falling elevator are three examples of weightlessness. This is experienced due to the

1. force of gravity acting upon their bodies
2. absence of external contact force acting upon their bodies
3. gravitational pull of the Sun and other planets upon their bodies

23. If an object has the moment of inertia of 1 kgm² and it rotates with a constant angular velocity of 2 rad/s, then the rotational kinetic energy of the object will be

24. One complete cycle of geo-stationary satellite orbit around the earth takes approximately

25. A stone is whirled in a vertical circle at the end of an inelastic string. When the stone is at the highest position, the tension in the string will be

26. The equation of continuity of a fluid is related to the conservation of

27. In a cement factory, a viscous liquid flows through a pipe with an area of cross-section 6 m² at a velocity of 8 m/s.

When this fluid moves forward, the area of cross-section of the pipe decreases to 4 m². The velocity of the liquid will now be

28. All of the following are the factors on which terminal velocity of a falling object depends EXCEPT

29. If a water droplet falls from a height in air, its terminal velocity will be attained when the drag force is

30. Bernoulli’s equation is the fundamental equation in fluid dynamics that relates pressure of fluid to its speed and height.

According to the Bernoulli’s equation, when the speed of the fluid is high, then the pressure will be

31. A mass ‘m’ is hanging on an inextensible string to make a simple pendulum of time period ‘T’. If the mass becomes ‘3 m’, then the time period of the simple pendulum will be

32. If x is the displacement of a bob of a simple pendulum from the mean position, then kx² /2 will be equal to its

1. total energy
2. kinetic energy
3. potential energy

33. A particle is moving in a circle with uniform speed, for which the projection of the particle is moving along the diametre of the circle.

In the given situation, the motion of projection is

34. In desert Safari, drivers use best quality of shock absorbers in their cars to create

1. free oscillation
2. force oscillation
3. damped oscillation

35. In Doppler’s effect, when a source of sound moves away from a stationary listener then the apparent frequency

36. While travelling by a boat, we hear the siren of a nearby ship at certain points but not at some other points. This phenomenon is caused by

37. Two prongs of a tuning fork are hit on a rubber pad to produce certain frequency.

If the two prongs are coated with a thick layer of wax, then after hitting it on a rubber pad, its frequency will

38. When a stationary wave is setup in an air column which is closed from one end, a node is formed

39. Sound waves are good example of

40. If 20 sound waves pass through a point in a medium in 2 s with the velocity of 20 m/s, then the wavelength will be

41. In Young’s double slits experiment, the relation used to find the position of the dark fringes is

(Note: All the symbols have their usual meaning.)

42. All of the following are different applications of polarised sunglasses in our daily life EXCEPT to

43. Michelson’s interferometre is used to measure

1. velocity of light
2. frequency of light
3. wavelength of light

44. Soap films are thin layers of liquid usually water-based surrounded by air. In the sunlight, colours are visible on the surface of them due to

45. In which of the following thermodynamics process, the temperature of a system decreases?

46. All of the following quantities describe the state of a gas EXCEPT

47. If the volume of a gas is reduced to half of its original volume, then the specific heat of the gas will

48. In thermodynamics, the internal energy is a state function, which is

49. In thermodynamics, a closed system is the one in which mass and energy from the boundaries of a system

50. If the temperature of the source of heat decreases while the temperature of the sink remains constant, then the efficiency of a Carnot engine

1. The type of error, which is produced by a faulty measuring instrument is called

2. Consider the basic dimensional formula as Mˣ Lʸ Tᶻ.

Which of the following values of x, y and z will satisfy the physical quantity of torque?

3. The multiplication product of 20.21 with 20.22 upto four significant figures is

4. In a champions’ trophy of dart match, a player was given three chances to hit the centre target with darts. He managed to hit all the darts close to each other but away from the centre.

The given case depicts that the player’s shots were

5. If a bridge is anchored on two concrete pillars, then the net torque on the bridge will be

6. If an object satisfies the first condition of equilibrium, then the rightward and leftward forces will be

7. In a Cartesian Coordinate System, the points (– 6, – 8) lies in the

8. The mathematical operation of cross product is performed between

9. The dot product of two perpendicular unit vectors is equal to

10. In the given vector diagram, the point P is represented by the vector r.

The vector r represents a/ an

11. A wooden slab is balanced on a circular log of wood at point (O) in the given diagram. Object (P) is placed at point (Z).

Zohan is given the task to throw the object (P) high in the air by

1. jumping at any position (W, X, Y) on the slab
2. moving or not moving the position of log at point (O)

Which of the following options should Zohan pick to complete the task?

12. The highest number of points lies in the

13. Which of the following laws of conservation is used in the propulsion of rockets?

14. The given figure represents a velocity-time graph of a moving car.

The maximum velocity by the car during its journey is

15. The given figure represents a velocity-time graph of a moving car.

The difference in the displacement from the starting point to 2 s and from 2 s to 5 s is

16. The type of motion represented by the given velocity-time graph is

17. The given velocity-time graph shows two different cars that accelerate on a long straight road.

Which of the following statement(s) is/ are CORRECT about the given scenario?

1. Car Y has covered more displacement
2. Both cars have started their journey from rest
3. Car X has taken more time to finish its journey

18. A freely falling ball bounces back when it hits the ground. At the point where the ball hits the ground, the impulse on the ball as compared to the momentum of the ball will be

19. If the different layers of a fluid offer no resistance over each other, then the fluid will be a/ an

20. In fluid dynamics, if every particle passing through a given point undergoes in an irregular pattern and fluctuation, then this type of flow is called a

21. In a fire fighting machine, a jet is attached to the head of water pipes to increase the

22. When an object moves with a terminal velocity, then the acceleration of the object will

23. An industrial liquid flows through a section of a pipe with an area of cross-section 2 m² at a velocity of 10 m/s. If at a certain section the area of cross-section decreases to 1 ², then the velocity of the liquid will be

24. According to the Bernoulli’s principle, when the pressure decreases during the flow of fluid through different sections of a pipe, then the speed of the fluid will

25. The time taken by a simple pendulum to complete one oscillation can be increased, if the

1. value of ‘g’ is increased
2. value of ‘g’ is decreased
3. length of the pendulum is increased
4. length of the pendulum is decreased

26. When the length of a simple pendulum increases, its frequency will

27. All of the following are considered as everyday examples of resonance EXCEPT

28. When the bob of a simple pendulum is at the extreme position and the mean position, then its kinetic energy will be

29. A simple pendulum having time period T is suspended from the ceiling of an elevator that is at rest position.

When the elevator falls freely, then the time period of the pendulum will be

30. If the length of a simple pendulum is 0.4 m and the mass of pendulum’s bob is 1 kg, then the time period of the pendulum will be

(Note: Take the acceleration due to gravity as 9.8 m/s².)

31. In wave motion, the distance between a consecutive node and an antinode is

32. A wave with a wavelength of 2 m having frequency 0.5 Hz will travel with the velocity of

33. Doppler’s effect can also be used to calculate the speed of

34. One of the important phenomena of the superposition of sound waves, beats, is an example of

35. In summer season, with the rise of temperature, the velocity of sound

36. The presence of stationary waves on a string can easily be detected at

1. nodes
2. antinodes

37. The given diagram shows a phenomena of wave production known as

38. Doppler’s effect is used in sonar and artificial satellites. Therefore, it can be applied to

1. light waves
2. sound waves
3. . electromagnetic waves

39. If an aeroplane approaches a radar system, then the wavelength of the communication wave reflected from the aeroplane to the ground station would

40. According to Boyle’s law, if the pressure is doubled, then the volume of a gas becomes

41. The amount of heat energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 kg of a substance through 1 K is called

42. Which of the following is the CORRECT sequence of the working principle of Carnot engine?

43. All of the following are the examples of reverse heat engine EXCEPT

44. For an ideal gas at a constant temperature, if a graph between variable values of volume (V) and pressure (1 / P) is plotted, then the shape of the graph will be

45. The process in which the volume of a system remains constant is called

46. The efficiency of a heat engine that operates between temperatures of 1500 K in the fire chamber and 600 K in the exhaust chamber is

47. An ideal gas confined in a container initially has pressure P. Suppose, the absolute temperature of the gas becomes two times and the volume of the container becomes four times.

The pressure will then be

48. An ideal gas undergoes a cyclic process as shown in the given pressure P versus volume V graph.

During which part of the process no work is done on or by the gas?

49. An ideal gas undergoes a cyclic process as shown in the given pressure P versus volume V graph.

The gas is at its highest temperature at point(s)

50. An ideal gas is made up of x number of diatomic molecules and each molecule has mass M.

All of the following statements about this gas are TRUE EXCEPT the

1. The dimensions of momentum are represented as

2. Uncertainty in measurement can occur due to the

1. limitation of instruments
2. natural variations
3. frequent errors

3. Random errors can be reduced by

1. taking zero correction
2. taking mean of several measurements
3. comparing the instrument with another more accurate one

4. The CORRECT scientific notation for 100.00 is

5. If the dot product of two vectors (X and Y) is zero, then which of the following conditions is TRUE?

6. The cross product of two vectors (X and Y) is a negative vector when the angle between them is

7. Torque has minimum value when the angle between force F and force arm r is

8. In a Cartesian plane, the x-axis is called

9. If the value of moment arm is zero, then the value of torque will be

10. If the magnitude of a vector Y is the same as that of vector X but opposite in direction, then vector Y is equal to

11. According to the head to tail rule, if the forces are unequal in terms of direction and magnitude, then the minimum number of forces with the sum of zero will be

12. The given figure depicts one of the conditions of equilibrium.

Which of the following options identifies the CORRECT name and statement of the condition?

13. If the slope of a velocity-time graph gradually increases, then the body is said to be moving with

14. A lighter metallic ball (m1) collides with the much heavier metallic ball (m2) at rest, when (m1 << m2), then after collision, the heavier ball (m2) will